digital composite. In previous films involving computer  generated visual effects (i.e., _Young Sherlock Holmes (1985)_ (qv)  and _Willow (1988)_ (qv)) CG elements were output to film and added  to final film print using optical printers. For "Last Crusade" ILM  scanned several filmed makeup transformations of "Donovans demise"  and "morphed" the elements together digitally. By doing this, film  (was for first time) scanned, digitally manipulated, and output back  to film rather than arranging film elements with an optical printer.