freezing photographic technique used in the movie. It might  have been French director Michel Gondry (qv) who used it for the  first time in a commercial (for an insurance company) and then in a  video clip for Björk (qv). It might have been architectural  graphics artist Matthew Bannister who, in his academic work,  suggested that motion and time in video could be separated, and  proposed an apparatus for doing it much like that used for the film  (but who was unable to make it work with then