 Return of the Jedi (1983)_ (qv),  George Lucas (qv) named the Emperor Palpatine as an homage to his  friends Martin Scorsese (qv) and Paul Schrader (I) (qv) and  their film _Taxi Driver (1976)_ (qv), in which a politician is named  Palatine. In this film, Palpatine draws his lightsaber from his  sleeve, another sly reference to _Taxi Driver (1976)_ (qv), in which  Travis Bickle (Robert De Niro (qv)) draws his gun from his sleeve.